EU SFDR Disclosures

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Ecofin Energy Transition UCITS Fund (the “Fund”)

EU Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (“SFDR”)

 

The disclosures in this section are made pursuant to Article 8 of the SFDR.

Information on how the environmental, social and governance characteristics of the Fund are met:

Ecofin Advisors Limited, as the Sub-Investment Manager of the Fund, believes that societies need to accelerate the transformation to a greener, decarbonized and more sustainable economy. Due to this belief, the Fund is primarily focused on investing in companies that are positioned to benefit from the pursuit of addressing climate change, reducing pollution and resource scarcity, managing waste, and promoting efficiency.

The Fund will invest in the public equities of companies that have at least 25% of their revenues derived from sustainability initiatives. As of a result of the promotion of an environmental approach, the Sub-Investment Manager believes the investments generate a more sustainable future as described by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 7, 9, 11, 12, & 13, which, among other things, call for climate action, responsible consumption and production, sustainable communities, and affordable and clean energy for all. According to the UN, a sustainable future is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

ESG research is thoroughly incorporated into the investment process for the Fund. Each company has an assigned analyst who is responsible for all aspects of the research process and for engaging with company management. The Sub-Investment Manager primarily utilizes company filings and engagement with management teams in its ESG assessment for qualitative analysis. The Sub-Investment Manager has access to specialist research from third-party providers which can serve to augment and support its in-house research.  

The main areas the Sub-Investment Manager assesses in undertaking its ESG analysis on portfolio investments for the Fund are as follows:

Environmental: Preservation and enrichment of the world

  • Scrutiny on carbon footprint and disclosure (and other greenhouse gas emissions)
  • Company’s time horizon for carbon neutrality
  • Water use and land use
  • Emission and waste reduction programs
  • R&D, innovation and thought leadership for sustainability
  • CAPEX, maintenance and capital integrity
  • Risks linked to stranded assets
  • Climate change-related physical risks on assets (fire, weather, droughts, etc.)
  • Adverse policy support

Social: Consideration of people, communities, and relationships

  • Impact on communities
  • Customer satisfaction
  • Commitment to safety standards
  • Diversity in board, management and employees
  • Employee engagement
  • Commitment to fair and safe employment practices

Governance: Standards for operating, managing and sustaining a company

  • Protection of minority shareholders
  • Conflict of interests
  • Insider ownership
  • Management compensation
  • Financial and strategic transparency
  • Board independence
  • Engagement and proxy voting

 

The Sub-Investment Manager believes that well-managed companies actively managing their ESG risks are more capable of generating superior long-term performance. A thorough understanding of ESG issues empowers companies to potentially mitigate risks and take advantage of the opportunities resulting from these issues. The Sub-Investment Manager’s research process integrates both traditional fundamental analysis with ESG factors. The Sub-Investment Manager believes these analyses may impact and reflect into a company’s overall shareholder returns. Each company has an assigned analyst who is responsible for all aspects of the research process and for engaging with company management, including ESG-related issues, in populating the risk-based model to seek to provide better risk-adjusted returns

The Sub-Investment Manager’s unique perspective or edge in addressing energy transition is derived from its significant expertise in dealing with and evaluating policy frameworks within some of the major greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting industries, in particular utilities and sustainable infrastructure. 

The principal area of market inefficiency the Sub-Investment Manager is looking to exploit relates to its proprietary views on how policy frameworks (and laws) around ESG matters, such as climate change and emission efficiency, together with technology innovations, can conspire to create substantial deviations in market expectations.

Sustainability Risks

The manner in which sustainability risks are integrated into investment decisions:

Sustainability risk is defined as “an environmental, social or governance event or condition that, if it occurs, could cause an actual or potential material negative impact on the value of the investment”.

It is concerned with the risk that the value of an investment could be materially negatively impacted as a result of environmental or social risks. It is also worth noting that such risks need only be considered where they could have a material negative effect on the value of the relevant investment.

Research on environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters is undertaken by the Sub-Investment Manager’s investment team. The team believes that engagement on environmental and social issues is much more powerful when it comes from the person committing the money to the investment, rather than from a separate sustainability team.

Sustainability risk analysis is also a part of stock assessment to identify negative ESG risks, or potential risks, of investments to ascertain the nature of the sustainability risk, as well as its materiality. The primary aim of this process is to assess how each ESG risk can derail or materially impact the underlying investment case of a company. The Sub-Investment Manager integrates sustainability risk into its investment decision making process both at the initial due diligence stage and as part of its ongoing due diligence.

The investment process comprises an assessment of macroeconomic and regulatory factors relevant to the sectors but it concentrates first and foremost on grass-roots fundamental analysis of companies. The Sub-Investment Manager utilizes a three-pronged approach to research which includes qualitative, quantitative, and relative value analyses.  The ESG screen is an important metric in the risk qualitative analysis.  For each company the Sub-Investment Manager considers a host of non-financial data points and risk attributes and examines supplementary disclosures and materials around sustainability or ESG issues issued by the company or by a review agency. This ESG analysis is then considered along with other quantitative and qualitative evaluations of management quality, asset quality, and cash flow stability to create a composite qualitative picture of a company.

This qualitative analysis is then merged with three other first-hand information sources, quantitative analysis, relative value analysis, and carbon analysis to arrive at final investment decisions as below:

  • Qualitative analysis: The team uses proprietary risk models to assess a company’s asset quality, management, stability of cash flows and ESG factors.
  • Quantitative analysis: The team employs proprietary financial models to understand growth prospects, liquidity position and sensitivities to key drivers.
  • Relative value analysis: Valuation models and equity markets indicators guide portfolio weightings; screening tables allow the investment team to compare companies and stocks according to different criteria (for example, regulatory risk profile, valuation metrics, ESG scores, historical valuation ranges).
  • Carbon analysis: in partnership with a third-party provider, the Sub-Investment Manager updates annually a global proprietary database of power generation companies with detailed CO2 emissions by source of power and by company.

In considering the sustainability requirements of the Fund, it will invest in the public equities of companies that have at least 25% of their revenues derived from at least one of the four master sustainability initiatives the Sub-Investment Manager has identified: Electrification, Clean Transportation, Industrial & Building Efficiency, and Environment. 

The consistent approach to research laid out above and the well-defined investment universe generally allows the Sub-Investment Manager to plan and drive research, rather than react to ESG events.

The results of its assessment of the likely impact of such integration of sustainability risks on the returns of  the Fund:

At the core of the Sub-Investment Manager’s stock selection process is the understanding and mitigation of ESG risks in an effort to provide better risk-adjusted returns to investors. It is also becoming more evident through formal academic studies that better ESG profiles often deliver better absolute performance, thus underscoring the importance of ESG from both a risk management and value creation perspective.

The Sub-Investment Manager has determined that the sustainability risk (being the risk that the value of the Fund could be materially negatively impacted by an ESG Event) faced by the Fund is low.

Ecofin Sustainable Listed Infrastructure Fund (the “Sub-Fund”)

EU Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (“SFDR”)

 

Ecofin Advisors Limited, as the Sub-Investment Manager of the Ecofin Sustainable Listed Infrastructure Sub-Fund, promotes environmental and social characteristics pursuant to article 8 SFDR.

As already provided in the Prospectus of the Sub-Fund, ESG research is thoroughly incorporated into the investment process for the Sub-Fund. Each company that the Sub-Investment Manager follows in the Sub-Fund’s investment universe has an assigned analyst who is responsible for all aspects of the research process and for engaging with company management. Portfolio Managers and Analysts primarily utilize company filings and engagement with management teams in their ESG assessment for qualitative analysis. We do have access to third-party specific ESG research which can serve to augment and check our in-house research.  

The main factors the Sub-Investment Manager assesses in undertaking its ESG analysis on portfolio investments for the Sub-Fund are as follows:

Environmental: Preservation and enrichment of the world

  • Scrutiny on carbon footprint and disclosure (and other greenhouse gas emissions)
  • Company’s time horizon for carbon neutrality
  • Water use and land use
  • Emission and waste reduction programs
  • R&D, innovation and thought leadership for sustainability
  • CAPEX, maintenance and capital integrity
  • Risks linked to stranded assets
  • Climate change-related physical risks on assets (fire, weather, droughts, etc.)
  • Adverse policy support

Social: Consideration of people, communities, and relationships

  • Impact on communities
  • Customer satisfaction
  • Commitment to safety standards
  • Diversity in board, management and employees
  • Employee engagement
  • Commitment to fair and safe employment practices

Governance: Standards for operating, managing and sustaining a company

  • Protection of minority shareholders
  • Conflict of interests
  • Insider ownership
  • Management compensation
  • Financial and strategic transparency
  • Board independence
  • Engagement and proxy voting

The Sub-Investment Manager’s perspective or edge relates to its significant expertise in dealing with and evaluating policy frameworks within some of the major GHG emitting industries, in particular utilities and sustainable infrastructure, for this Sub-Fund’s investment universe.  The principal area of market inefficiency the team is looking to exploit relates to its views on how policy frameworks (and laws) around climate change and emission efficiency, together with technology innovations, can conspire to create substantial deviations in market expectations.

In the power sector, which is a majority exposure in this Sub-Fund, its investment strategy is to invest predominantly in companies investing to achieve their own or government targets for emissions reductions and greener grids and eventually decarbonisation. The Sub-Fund’s portfolio is oriented, therefore, toward clean generators and suppliers of electricity.

As attention on the impacts of climate change on our planet intensifies, corporate strategies are changing quickly to meet the demands for more and cleaner electricity and to prioritise the mitigation of environmental risks. Population and GDP growth and the electrification of transportation, industry and buildings are driving increasing demand for electricity and, at the same time, there is a race globally for lower carbon footprints.  The Sub-Investment Manager’s strategy is to focus on those companies which are strategically focused on renewable energies and network infrastructure build-outs.

The investment needs for power are matched when we look more broadly at the network infrastructure – water, roads, airports, railways – required to support economic growth and to meet the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. The gap between investment requirements and current spending commitments will have to be addressed by governments and private sources and the latter will need to be adequately incentivised by regulators. The adoption of climate change targets such as ‘carbon neutrality’ and ‘zero emission’ by an increasing number of countries and companies bodes well for an acceleration in the development in clean energy, and this transformation represents a powerful growth driver for our investment universe. 

Sustainability focus integrated in decision-making

Sustainability risk analysis is integral to every part of our investment approach and ESG factor analysis is an ongoing and fundamental part of the investment team’s research process. A consistent risk identification framework is used to help assess the potential principal adverse impacts of investment decisions on sustainability factors and to help ensure that Ecofin’s positive sustainability focus is represented in investment decisions.

In order to mitigate the risks and potential principal adverse impacts of investment decisions on sustainability factors in this Sub-Fund’s investment universe, The Sub-Investment Manager may exclude (a) companies which are increasing activities which are detrimental to sustainability (such as increasing coal power generation, for example) or (b) companies which do not play a role in the development of a sustainable economy.

Sustainability risk analysis is also a part of the Sub-Investment Manager’s stock assessment process.  We seek to identify actual or potential ESG risks to a company or its business model and to ascertain the materiality of such sustainability risks. The primary goal is to understand the nature of potential risks and whether they could derail or materially impact the underlying investment case for a company’s shares.

Investment decision-making components and process

The investment process comprises analysis of macroeconomic and regulatory factors relevant to the Sub-Fund’s sectors, but it concentrates first and foremost on grass-roots fundamental analysis of companies. The investment team utilizes a multi-pronged approach to regional sector and company research which includes qualitative, quantitative, and relative value analyses, and the study of ESG factors is an important component of our qualitative analysis.  For each company we consider a host of non-financial data points and risk attributes and examine supplementary disclosures and materials around sustainability or ESG factors provided by the company or by a review agency. This ESG analysis is then considered along with other quantitative and qualitative evaluations of management quality, asset quality, and cash flow stability to create a composite qualitative picture of a company.

This qualitative analysis is amalgamated with three other first-hand information sources as follows, being quantitative analysis, relative value analysis, and carbon analysis to arrive at investment decisions: 

  • Qualitative analysis: The team uses proprietary risk models to assess a company’s asset quality, management, stability of cash flows and ESG factors.
  • Quantitative analysis: The team employs proprietary financial models to understand a company’s growth prospects, liquidity position and sensitivities to key drivers.
  • Relative value analysis: Valuation models and equity markets indicators guide portfolio weightings; screening tables allow the investment team to compare companies and stocks according to different criteria (for example, regulatory risk profile, valuation metrics, ESG scores, historical valuation ranges).
  • Carbon analysis: In partnership with a specialist third-party ESG data provider, the team updates annually a global proprietary database of power generation companies with detailed CO2 emissions by source of power and by company.

The consistent approach to research laid out above and the well-defined investment universe generally allow the team to plan research and drive research rather than react to events.

The Sub-Investment Manager is transparent with management teams regarding our assessment of their ESG profiles and engage with companies to help them improve their metrics with respect to our key ESG concerns.  It also votes proxy statements in alignment with this engagement for improving ESG metrics.  

The Sub-Investment Manager believes that analysis of sustainability risks is an essential element of the investment management process and that companies exhibiting good ESG credentials in this Sub-Fund’s sectors are more likely to perform well over the longer term. Engagement and proxy voting are integral parts of active management and a case-by-case assessment is made for decisions relating to all proxies, corporate actions and events relating to portfolio holdings. The integration of sustainability risk analysis has a positive impact on research quality and portfolio returns for this Sub-Fund.

Ecofin Sustainable Global Water Fund (“The Sub-Fund”)

EU Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (“SFDR”)

 

Tortoise Capital Advisors, LLC, as the Investment Manager of the Ecofin Sustainable Listed Infrastructure Sub-Fund, promotes environmental and social characteristics pursuant to article 8 SFDR.

As already provided in the Prospectus, ESG research is thoroughly incorporated into the investment process for the Sub-Fund. Research on ESG matters is undertaken by the Investment Manager’s investment team; it believes that engagement on environmental and social issues is much more powerful when it comes from the person committing the money to the investment, rather than from a separate sustainability team.

Portfolio managers and analysts primarily utilise company filings and engagement with management teams in their ESG analysis for risk tier ratings, and we also access to third-party ESG research which can serve to augment our in-house research.  

The main factors the Investment Manager assesses in undertaking its ESG analysis on portfolio investments for the Sub-Fund are as follows:

Environmental: Preservation and enrichment of the world

  • Scrutiny on carbon footprint and disclosure (and other greenhouse gas emissions)
  • Company’s time horizon for carbon neutrality
  • Water use and land use
  • Emission and waste reduction programs
  • R&D, innovation and thought leadership for sustainability
  • CAPEX, maintenance and capital integrity
  • Risks linked to stranded assets
  • Climate change-related physical risks on assets (fire, weather, droughts, etc.)
  • Adverse policy support

Social: Consideration of people, communities, and relationships

  • Impact on communities
  • Customer satisfaction
  • Commitment to safety standards
  • Diversity in board, management and employees
  • Employee engagement
  • Commitment to fair and safe employment practices

Governance: Standards for operating, managing and sustaining a company

  • Protection of minority shareholders
  • Conflict of interests
  • Insider ownership
  • Management compensation
  • Financial and strategic transparency
  • Board independence
  • Engagement and proxy voting

The Investment Manager believes that a thorough understanding of ESG factors empowers companies to potentially mitigate risks and take advantage of the opportunities resulting from these issues. The research process integrates both traditional fundamental analysis with ESG factors, which may impact and reflect into the company’s overall shareholder returns. Each company has an assigned analyst who is responsible for all aspects of the research process and for engaging with company management, including ESG-related factors, in populating the risk-based model to seek to provide better risk-adjusted returns.

Sustainability risk analysis is also a part of stock assessment; the primary aim of this process is to assess how any ESG risks can derail or materially impact the underlying investment case of a company. At the core of the Investment Manager’s stock selection process is the understanding and mitigation of ESG risks in an effort to provide better risk-adjusted returns to investors. It is also becoming more evident through formal academic studies that better ESG profiles often deliver better absolute performance, thus underscoring the importance of ESG from both a risk management and value creation perspective.

Within the investment process, the ESG screen is an important metric in the risk identification and modeling process.  In the risk tiering process, each of the three ESG components are evaluated individually and become the basis for our ESG scoring.  This ESG score is then considered along other quantitative and qualitative evaluations of Management Quality, Asset Quality, and Cash Flow Stability to create a composite risk score. A company scoring low in the ESG assessment usually scores poorly on the Management Quality metric, so there tends to be additional compounding of the ESG assessment.  A poor ESG assessment can preclude our investment in a security or reduce the amount of a name held in the portfolio.  Risk tier ratings, including the ESG components, are reviewed at least on a quarterly basis or if there is a material change to a company. With our tiering process in our risk model, the Sub-Fund’s portfolio will own higher weights in companies what score well on our ESG ratings process, therefore maximizing the ESG characteristics of the Sub-Fund.

The Investment Manager is transparent with management teams regarding our assessment of their ESG scores and engage with companies to improve their metrics.  We also vote proxy statements in alignment with this engagement for improving ESG metrics.  

Examples of the sustainability risks which the investment team can look to evaluate in the risk-based model are:

  • exposure to fossil fuel production and consumption, emission intensity and the corollary risks of economically impacted assets, facing adverse regulatory/legal decisions, incurring rising operating costs and pollution remediation costs;
  • pollution, land/water use and business practice impact on local population health and wellbeing;
  • treatment of minority shareholders on issues where important ESG considerations may be present;
  • impacts on how technology innovations are adapting to meeting ESG policy goals on climate change, and how those innovations may reflect to shifting relative competitive positioning for a company’s existing assets or operations; and
  • management behaviour and track record dealing with important or relevant ESG criteria. This may include transparency and disclosure initiatives but also reflect on specific issues, for example in successful completion of environmental impact studies.

Ecofin U.S. Renewables Infrastructure Trust PLC

Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive

Pre-investment Disclosure Document

Article 23 AIFMD

The Ecofin U.S. Renewables Infrastructure Trust PLC (the “Company”) is a closed ended investment company incorporated in England and Wales. The Company’s ordinary shares (the “Shares”) are admitted to the Official List of the Financial Conduct Authority and to trading on the premium listing segment of the main market of the London Stock Exchange (”LSE”).

The Company is an externally managed alternative investment fund (“AIF”) and has appointed Ecofin Advisors, LLC (“Ecofin”) as its alternative investment fund manager (“AIFM”). The AIFM Directive (Directive 2011/61/EU) requires an AIFM, such as Ecofin, of an AIF, such as the Company, to comply with an extensive set of requirements in connection with the marketing of Shares in the capital of the Company in the European Union. The AIFM Directive and the UK’s onshored version of the AIFM Directive (the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Regulations No.1173/2013, and consequential amendments to the Financial Conduct Authority Handbook) require, among other things, that certain information is made available by the AIFM to potential investors prior to their making an investment in the Company.

To the extent that the AIFM has determined that the requisite information is already set forth in the Company’s Annual Report and Accounts for the period from incorporation on 12 August 2020 to 31 December 2021 (the “Annual Report”) (or in any other source document to which investors have access or which they may request), this supplement contains references to the relevant source materials. To the extent that the AIFM has determined that the requisite information has not been provided to investors, this supplement contains additional disclosure items.

The table below sets out the information required to be disclosed in accordance with Article 23 of the AIFM Directive and the UK’s onshored version of the AIFM Directive, as well as the sustainability-related information to be disclosed under the EU Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2019/2088) and EU Taxonomy Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2020/852):

DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT

DISCLOSURE OR LOCATION OF RELEVANT DISCLOSURE

Investment strategy and objective of the AIF

Please see the subheadings titled “Investment objective” and “Investment policy and strategy” of the heading titled “Investment Objective and Investment Policy” in the Annual Report.

Master fund domicile, if relevant

Not applicable.

If the AIF is a fund of funds, the domicile of investee funds

Not applicable.

The type of assets in which the AIF may invest

Please see the subheadings titled “Investment objective” and “Investment policy and strategy” of the heading titled “Investment Objective and Investment Policy” in the Annual Report.

Investment techniques that may be employed by the AIF and all associated risks

Please see the subheading titled “Investment policy and strategy” of the heading titled “Investment Objective and Investment Policy” in the Annual Report.

Investment restrictions

Please see the subheading titled “Investment restrictions” of the heading titled “Investment Objective and Investment Policy” in the Annual Report..

Circumstances in which the AIF may use leverage, the types and sources of leverage permitted and the associated risks, any restrictions on the use of leverage and the maximum level of leverage which the AIFM is entitled to employ on behalf of the AIF

Please see the subheading titled “Gearing policy” of the heading titled “Investment Objective and Investment Policy” in the Annual Report.

Any collateral and asset reuse arrangements

Not applicable.

Procedures by which the AIF may change its investment strategy or investment policy or both

Please see the subheading titled “Amendments to the investment objective, policy and investment restrictions” of the heading titled “Investment Objective and Investment Policy” in the Annual Report.

The main implications of the contractual relationship entered into for the purpose of investment including information on jurisdiction, the applicable law and on the existence (or not) of any legal instruments providing for the recognition and enforcement of judgments in the territory where the AIF is established

The Company is a public company limited by shares, incorporated in England and Wales. While investors acquire an interest in the Company on subscribing for or purchasing Shares, the Company is the sole legal and/or beneficial owner of its investments. Consequently, Shareholders have no direct legal or beneficial interest in those investments. The liability of Shareholders for the debts and other obligations of the Company is limited to the amount unpaid, if any, on the Shares held by them. Shareholders’ rights in respect of their investment in the Company are governed by the Articles of Association and the Companies Act. Under English law, the following types of claims may in certain circumstances be brought against a company by its shareholders: contractual claims under its articles of association; claims in misrepresentation in respect of statements made in its prospectus and other marketing documents; unfair prejudice claims; and derivative actions. In the event that a Shareholder considers that it may have a claim against the Company in connection with such investment in the Company, such Shareholder should consult its own legal advisers.

Jurisdiction and applicable law

As noted above, Shareholders’ rights are governed principally by the Articles of Association and the Companies Act. By subscribing for the Shares, investors agree to be bound by the Articles of Association which are governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of England and Wales.

Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments

Regulation (EC) 593/2008 ("Rome I") must be applied in all member states of the European Union (other than Denmark). Accordingly, where a matter comes before the courts of the relevant member state, the choice of  governing law in any given agreement is subject to the provisions of Rome I. Under Rome I, the member state's court may apply any rule of that member state's own law which is mandatory, irrespective of the governing law, and may refuse to apply a rule of governing law if it is manifestly incompatible with the public policy of that member state. Further, where all other elements relevant to the situation at the time of the choice are located in a country other than the country whose law has been chosen, the choice of the parties shall not prejudice the application of provisions of the law of that country which cannot be derogated from by agreement.

The UK has legislated to the effect that, following its exit from the EU, the rules in Rome I were incorporated into domestic law. As a result, English choice of law clauses in contracts continue to be respected both in the UK and EU member states.

The UK’s future accession to the 2007 Lugano Convention on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters remains uncertain and, consequently, foreign judgments obtained in EU member states relating to proceedings commenced on or after 1 January 2021 will only be enforceable under the default common law regime or (if applicable) the Hague Convention. The Hague Convention only applies to the enforcement of judgments that arise from proceedings commenced pursuant to an exclusive jurisdiction clause in favour of a contracting state in civil or commercial matters. The UK government has passed domestic legislation which came into force 1 January 2021, providing that exclusive jurisdiction clauses, which would have previously been caught by the Hague Convention by virtue of the UK's membership of the EU, will continue to be treated in exactly the same way as exclusive jurisdiction clauses concluded once the UK is a member of the Hague Convention in its own right.

The identity of the AIFM, the AIF’s depositary, auditor and other service providers together with a description of their duties and the investors’ rights

Alternative Investment Fund Manager

Ecofin Advisors, LLC has been appointed to act as the AIFM of the Company in compliance with the provisions of the AIFM Directive.

Registrar

Computershare Investor Services PLC has been appointed as registrar to the Company in respect of the transfer and settlement of Shares held in certificated and uncertificated form.

Administrator

Sanne Fund Services (UK) Limited has been appointed as administrator to the Company. The Administrator provides the day-to-day administration of the Company and is also responsible for the Company’s general administrative functions, such as calculation and publication of the Net Asset Value and maintenance of the Company’s accounting and statutory records. The Administrator is responsible for calculating the Net Asset Value of the Ordinary Shares in consultation with the AIFM and reporting this to the Board.

Company Secretary

Sanne Fund Services (UK) Limited has also been appointed as Company Secretary to the Company. The Company Secretary will provide company secretarial services and a registered office to the Company.

Auditor

BDO LLP will provide audit services to the Company. The annual report and accounts will be prepared by the Auditor according to accounting standards in line with IFRS.

Depositary

The provisions of the AIFM Directive concerning depositaries do not apply to the AIFM. As such, a depositary has not been appointed.

Management of professional liability risk

The provisions of the AIFM Directive concerning professional indemnity insurance or additional own funds to cover professional negligence risk do not apply to the AIFM. Nevertheless, the AIFM has the benefit of professional indemnity and directors’ and officers’ liabilities insurance coverage.

The Company’s valuation procedure and pricing methodology

Please see the subheading titled “Portfolio Valuation” of the heading titled “Investment Manager’s Report” in the Annual Report.

The Company’s liquidity risk management, including redemption rights and redemption arrangements

Please see the subheading titled “Liquidity Risk” of the heading titled “Notes to the Financial Statements” in the Annual Report.

Fees, charges and expenses, which are directly or indirectly borne by investors

Please see the subheading titled “Investment Management Fees” of the heading titled “Notes to the Financial Statements” in the Annual Report.

Fair and preferential treatment of investors

The AIFM ensures that investors are treated fairly in a number of ways, including by ensuring that any preferential treatment granted by the AIFM to one or more investors does not result in an overall material disadvantage to the other investors by: (i) ensuring that its decision-making procedures are applied fairly as between investors; (ii) applying relevant policies and procedures properly; (iii) ensuring, to the extent within its power, that investors do not bear directly or indirectly fees, charges and expenses which are inappropriate in nature or amount; (iv) complying with the rules and guidance of the SEC (or equivalent) applicable to it; and (v) conducting its activities honestly, fairly and with due skill, care and diligence.

The Company’s annual report, and the disclosure requirements under Articles 23(4) and 23(5) of the AIFM Directive

The information required under paragraphs 4 and 5 of Article 23 of the AIFM Directive will be disclosed in the Company’s audited annual report.

The Company’s latest net asset value or latest market price of its share

The Company’s Net Asset Value will be made available at https://uk.ecofininvest.com/funds/ecofin-us-renewables-infrastructure-trust-plc/

The Company’s historical performance

The Company’s historical performance information will be made available at https://uk.ecofininvest.com/funds/ecofin-us-renewables-infrastructure-trust-plc/

The Company’s prime broker

The Company has not appointed a prime broker.

Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 on sustainability-related disclosures in the financial services sector (the EU Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation or SFDR)

 

Integration of sustainability risks

The Company considers a sustainability risk to be an environmental, social or governance (“ESG”) event or condition that could have a material negative impact on the value of one or more investments in the Company’s portfolio.

In order to integrate sustainability risks into investment decisions, the Private Sustainable Infrastructure Investment Team (the “PSII Team”) has developed a proprietary ESG risk assessment framework (“ESG Risk Assessment”) which is embedded in its investment memoranda and systematically applied to all investment opportunities. The ESG Risk Assessment incorporates the results of the PSII Team’s comprehensive due diligence including work conducted by its third party advisors (independent engineering firms, legal counsel, and consultants).

The ESG Risk Assessment combines quantitative and qualitative data and is reviewed by Ecofin’s Private Sustainable Infrastructure Investment Committee (the “PSIIC”) prior to authorising an investment and is utilised on an ongoing basis as part of the risk management and operational practices throughout the life of the investment. The PSII Team’s ESG integrated investment process will culminate with an annual sustainability report so that investors can measure the impact of Ecofin’s private sustainable infrastructure strategy.

The PSII Team aggregates ESG criteria from its ESG Risk Assessment along with environmental factors that are monitored and incorporated into its annual Sustainability Report.

The Company has assessed the potential impacts that sustainability risks may have on its returns. The Company recognises that, despite having in place robust processes for managing sustainability risks, there remains the possibility that it is exposed to one or more sustainability risks. This may have a material negative impact on the value of one or more of the Company’s investments, thereby affecting the Company’s returns.

The Company currently considers the following sustainability risks to be material to its investments:

·         Wind power or solar PV assets may be exposed to adverse environmental changes and weather patterns which decrease the amount of electricity produced by such assets, particularly if extreme weather conditions arising from climate change lead to prolonged or widespread disruption of electricity produced by those assets, in turn impacting revenue generation;

·         Wind power or solar PV sites may pose health and safety (“H&S”) risks to those involved in the construction, maintenance, replacement or decommissioning of assets;

·         Potential liability for environmental and/or H&S incidents could adversely impact the Company’s financial position, reputation and prospects;

·         given the complexity and geographical scope of the Company’s supply chain, it may not be possible to identify all exposures to modern slavery risk, which could adversely affect the long-term security of the supply chain and expose the Company to reputational and regulatory risks;

·         the Company's investments may be exposed to issues concerning labour relations, including workforce strikes; and

·         a failure to implement strong stakeholder engagement in the construction and management of assets could result in project delays and longer term running issues.

Environmental and/or social characteristics

The Company has determined that it is subject to Article 9, SFDR, as a financial product that has sustainable investment as its objective.

The sustainable investment objective of the Company is to accelerate the transition to net zero through its investment portfolio, which consists of a diversified portfolio of mixed renewable energy and sustainable infrastructure assets, primarily solar and wind assets, to help facilitate the transition to a more sustainable future. These renewable energy assets directly contribute to climate change mitigation. The Company aims to contribute to combatting climate change by investing in and operating assets which reduce carbon and other greenhouse gas emissions, address water scarcity issues and reduce pollution.

The Company focuses on investing in sustainable energy solutions and therefore ESG considerations naturally lie at the heart of its investment approach. The Company aims to contribute to combatting climate change by investing in Assets which reduce carbon and other greenhouse gas emissions, address water scarcity issues and reduce pollution, while not compromising investors’ desire for stable cash yields and attractive total shareholder returns. The Company’s strategy and processes align with U.N. Sustainable Development Goals and ESG criteria. The team integrates the analysis of ESG issues throughout the lifecycle of its investment activities, spanning due diligence, investment approval, and ongoing portfolio management.

Environmental criteria consider how an investment performs as a steward of nature. Social criteria examine its impact and relationships with employees, suppliers, customers and the communities in which it operates. Governance deals with internal controls, business ethics, compliance and regulatory status associated with each investment.

The Company takes a rigorous approach to governance and ensures that all of its Assets are managed in accordance with local and national laws and regulations applicable to the jurisdictions in which it operates.

No index has been designated as a reference benchmark.

Regulation (EU) 2020/852 on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment (the EU Taxonomy Regulation or TR)

 

The Company expects all its investments to align with the EU Taxonomy Regulation.

Investments in solar photovoltaic production, wind power and other Renewable Assets are considered as substantially contributing to climate change mitigation under the EU Taxonomy Regulation, subject to technical screening criteria laid out in Commission Delegated Regulation 2021/2139. The Company’s investments aim to provide sustainable energy solutions and, in turn, help facilitate the transition to a low carbon economy. By providing a low carbon alternative to fossil fuels, renewable energies such as wind power and solar PV substantially contribute to the stabilisation of greenhouse gas emissions, helping to reduce such emissions through carbon savings. 

All investments are screened as part the ESG Risk Assessment against areas that could significantly harm the Company's sustainable investment objective. All proposed investments will need to meet the minimum sustainability criteria, as determined by the ESG Risk Assessment, completed during the investment process and reviewed on an ongoing basis.

For the purposes of the ‘do not significant harm’ assessment, the Company takes into account the following principal adverse impacts on sustainability factors, with respect to the Company's asset class:

Environmental damage

·         Decomissioning & Component Recycling: the Company and the AIFM recognise that wind power and solar PV asset decommissioning and component recycling may impact on the environmental objective relating to the transition to a circular economy.

·         Biodiversity Cost: the Company's investments may also impact the environmental objective of protection and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems.

·         Carbon Emissions: The manufacturing, transportation, and construction phase of Renewable Asset development can be carbon intensive. The Company and the AIFM are collaborating with industry peers to establish practices around identifying and quantifying these emissions.

Social and employee matters, respect for human rights

·         Health and Safety of Workforce: Working on Renewable Assets can be hazardous and keeping people safe is a priority of the AIFM. The Company could be exposed to reputational risk if accidents were to occur and to the risk of increased insurance costs and operational downtime, which add to the costs of operating the assets.

·         Community Relations: Investments may be exposed to project development delay risk or licence to operate risk if they meet opposition from the community. Positive engagement with communities and efforts to address community impact can mitigate these risks.

·         Human Rights in Supply Chain: The supply chain of Renewable Assets could be subject to human rights abuses that need to be monitored and mitigated.

Governance, anti-corruption and anti-bribery matters

·         Anti-Bribery and Corruption: Risks associated with a project or asset achieving any permit, licence or authorisation through undue process, for example, bribery and/or corruption. Appropriate KYC is undertaken on service providers and investors.

·         Conflict of interest risk: These risks could materialise at an individual, asset or portfolio level in the acquisition and ongoing management of renewable investments and is mitigated to protect the interests of investors.